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Lifestyle

The Seventh Day Adventist – SDA Church has refuted allegations that some of its youth camp meetings, which the church regularly holds, are characterized by illicit and at times sexual activities especially by young people, which are now manifesting through the recent tragedy.

An evangelist from the church who was part of the group that attended the five day Youth Alive Camp Meeting in tourism resort town of Siavonga in January this year, which claimed the lives of six young people, said it was not true that the camp meeting attendance by youths is motivated by illicit and sexual activities.

Speaking in an interview with the Zambian Business Times-ZBT, an SDA evangelist said it is evident from the loss of the six lives that the youths behaved badly but nothing evil happens at camp meetings unless people escape the camp, which the church has no control over, as they cannot immediately tell that people have sneaked out.

The SDA evangelist confirmed however that on the fateful day “on Saturday people sneaked out and I heard people say those who were playing in the water were kissing but how do we stop people from kissing if they have sneaked out of camp. Their friends were having bible study, they sneaked out, and when people are in church they cannot control what is happening outside”.

He further said all camp gatherings have a purpose; this particular one was a behavior change programme, and some of the topics taught at the meeting included suicide, drug addiction, alcohol abuse, masturbation and entrepreneurship, which is all, based on behavior change.

“There are topics to do with alcohol abuse because we cannot run away from the fact that people are abusing alcohol, there are people in churches who take alcohol and smoke so that’s the type of camp meeting where they help them rehabilitate, the programme of the camp meeting was based of behavior change”, he said.

The preacher noted that the church could not run away from the fact that a few individuals who may have their own personal agendas as they go to camp meetings might be denting the reputation of the gatherings but the majority attend because of the various educative programmes.

He explained that the team had two days to go to Lake Kariba, which was Wednesday and Friday, and Saturday was purely dedicated to worship but on Saturday, some people sneaked out to go to the Lake, a situation that made it difficult for the youths to be controlled as they had left the campsite.

“On Saturday people sneaked out and I heard people say those who were playing in the water were kissing but how do we stop people from kissing if they have sneaked out of camp. Their friends were having bible study, they sneaked out, and when people are in church they cannot control what is happening outside. They were at the lake while others were in camp and no one knows how they sneaked out, as people were busy with bible study. There is no control over someone who has sneaked out because you may think they are sleeping in the dormitory”, he said.

The six youths who died decided to get on a fishing rig that was parked on the banks of the lake and when the coxswain decided to move the rig onto the lake, the youths jumped off the rig and attempted to swim back to the shore but six of them drowned in the process.

In a separate interview with Jonathan Haajaya, the coxswain of the fishing rig that the six youths who died got on before he decided to move the rig on to the lake said the youths were playing in the water with some boys and girls holding each other.

Speaking to ZBT, Haajaya said, “they were swimming, they were holding each other as though they wanted to kiss each other, the other one standing on one side and the other on another side holding hands as though they are kissing”.

There have been calls for both parents and church leaders to put in place measures that would ensure that youth camps are not used for illicit activities by a few, denting the image for these important functions when correctly held. The SDA church has not issued any revised rules to govern its camp meetings activities. The revised rules are expected to ensure that youths that sign up are adequately parented or monitored to avoid the recurring of such tragedy’s.

The families that allow and make financial contributions for their children to go to these camp meeting expected that their children would be monitored, protected and parented by measures and adults that are charged with the responsibility.

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The Seventh Day Adventist - SDA Church

Agribusiness

Various stakeholders in Zambia have condemned the practice of drowning or gassing day old chicks, instead proposing that the excess chicks should be donated or sold at lower prices to vulnerable societies of communities.

Zambian Business Times – ZBT received various concerned citizens who sent in their notes and emails stating that it’s a disturbing and wasteful practice, which has its roots in the warped economics of chicken production. They have called on the Zambian Government to do something to end the wastefulness and disturbing practice.

Following an outcry from members of public on that practice, a check carried out by ZBT with animal welfare organisations in Zambia revealed that these organisations only focus on the welfare of cats and dogs. They could not even comment on this practice referring this matter to the ministry of Livestock.

The Poultry Association of Zambia – PAZ revealed that the cumulative number of day old chicks that the hatcheries have drowned in Zambia because of the reduced demand for the birds on the market is now over 1.1 million.

Drowning in the poultry industry means killing the chicks by drowning or gassing them to avoid spending on feed and running out of space. Some animal rights activists have attributed this practice to hard core capitalism.

For every new egg-laying hen born into today’s farming system, a male chick is killed or culled. This is a practice happening all over the world, as many as 300 million chicks are killed in the United States every year and more than 6 billion total are killed around the world. It is a disturbing and wasteful practice, which has its roots in the warped economics of chicken production.

At a global level, Animal welfare activists have been lobbying against male chick culling for instance in the United States for decades, chronicling cute and fuzzy day-old chicks who are gassed or macerated. In January 2020, the BBC reported that France had pledged to outlaw the practice of culling unwanted male chicks by the end of 2021, as part of animal welfare reforms.

The French government said new methods were emerging that would make it possible to test the sex of embryos inside the egg. While activists in the United States and other parts of the world have been lobbying against the practice of killing chicks and trying to find a solution to this problem, there seem to be no institution or non governmental organization that has taken up this role in Zambia.

Hatcheries in Zambia may not be drowning chicks for the same reasons as other countries but the act is something that should not be acceptable and scores of Zambians have condemned this act. It is further disappointing to learn that there are no known organizations in Zambia looking at the animal welfare societies have restricted their concerns to only cats and dogs.

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Various stakeholders in Zambia have condemned the

Tech

Energy industry players have called on the negotiating teams of the announced resumption of negotiations between national power giant -ZESCO and Copperbelt Energy Corporation – CEC to be conducted in a transparent and open manner.

Energy Expert Johnstone Chikwanda says the Bulk Supply Agreement-BSA negotiations between ZESCO and CEC should be fair and equitable to both parties and in line with the Energy Regulation Act of 2019, the final draft of the agreement must be submitted to the Energy Regulation Board (ERB) for oversight validation to ensure that it is fair.

Chikwanda said the two parties should resolve the contentious issues, which led to a collapse of the talks as the current negotiations present a chance to correct the abnormalities in the document that led to failed renewal of the agreement, which expired in March 2020.

In an interview with the Zambian Business Times-ZBT, Chikwanda explained that the negotiations should be done to ensure Zesco, which is currently faces financial challenges, remains sustainable amid reforms of the power utility that will see the declaration of some of the assets as “common carrier” returned as enshrined in the electricity Act.

He said previously, Zesco alarmed the nation that it did not want to renew the BSA because it was suffering colossal losses in millions of dollars due to this BSA and that it was not a fair contract. The contract was reported to have favored CEC at the expense of ZESCO.

“As experts we called for the public disclosure of the BSA in order to make informed comments but it was not done other than saying CEC was getting cheap electricity from Zesco and putting markups and generate a lot of profits at the expense of ZESCO”, he said.

Chikwanda noted that repeated statements from the previous regime about how the BSA disadvantaged ZESCO and only benefited CEC must compel the parties to review all the contentious clauses and arrive at a win-win point especially now that Energy regulation Act empowers the energy regulations board – ERB to validate any power supply agreements ZESCO enters into.

The Zambia Energy Forum Chairperson told ZBT that there is need to rethink the CEC business model, as it cannot continue to be depending on ZESCO for supply of electricity because ZESCO is a also a competitor when you look at it from an overall industry perspective.

He said CEC needs to invest more in building its own power plants as the future of the energy sector is that the common carrier concept is here to stay and both Zesco and CEC need to brace themselves for the common carrier status which allows other suppliers of electricity and traders to use their facilities at a fair tariff whose ceiling is set up by the regulator in line with Electricity and Energy Regulation Acts of 2019.

Chikwanda said the declaration of power transmission lines as common carrier, remains the viable option to unlock the future of the country’s energy sector to avoid uncompetitive behaviour by those who own the infrastructure if private investors are to enter the market.

He adds that common carrier option for both ZESCO and CEC lines will ensure investments into the energy sector at competitive prices with oversight from the ERB done in good faith to allow for a favorable outcome.

ZESCO is a state owned jewel that continues to attract speculation of being a target for privatization for successive governments in Zambia. The power utility has potential to become a Pan African energy giants but political interference in its operations and strategic moves continues to derail its potential.

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Energy industry players have called on the

Lifestyle

The Electoral Commission of Zambia – ECZ says it has an initial budget of K13 million for the conduct of the by-elections in Kabwata Parliamentary, and Sokontwe and Liangati Ward by-elections.

ECZ Corporate Affairs Manager Patricia Luhanga said the funding covers activities from nominations to polls and the commission would consolidate the requirements for Kabwata by-election after the nominations taking place on Wednesday 19 January 2022.

In an interview with the Zambian Business Times – ZBT, Luhanga said ECZ always budgets for by-elections and the commission has an approved budget of K85 million for 2022 adding that this is in view of the many election petitions that have been recorded after the 2021 general election.

She further said the figure might go up or down depending on the outcome of the petitions, election type (i.e. national assembly and local government) and/or area where the election is taking place among other factors.

The Electoral Commission of Zambia received a letter dated 7 January 2022 from the United Progressive Party (UPP) Kabwata Parliamentary by-election candidate, Libanda Francis indicating his withdrawal from the forthcoming by-election and another letter dated 10 January 2022 clarifying his decision whilst invoking the provision of Article 52 of the Republican constitution.

According to the Electoral Process Act under section 31 (2) provides that a nomination submitted under subsection (1) may be withdrawn at any time, before the expiry of the period appointed for lodging nomination papers in respect of the constituency concerned, if the candidate delivers to the returning officer a written notice to that effect.

On the other hand, article 52(6) of the republican constitution provides that  where a candidate dies, resigns or becomes disqualified in accordance with article 70, 100 or 153 or a court disqualifies a candidate for corruption or malpractice, after the close of nominations and before the election date, the commission shall cancel the election and require the filing of fresh nominations by eligible candidates and elections shall be held within thirty days of the filing of the fresh nominations.

Based on the initial correspondence of 7 January 2022, the by-election would have proceeded as planned as provided for by the Electoral Process Act No.35 of 2016, Section 31 (2) which empowers the commission to reject a withdrawal and proceed with the election.

The commission states that a withdrawal is clearly only permitted before close of nominations as provided under section 31 (2) of the Electoral Process Act. However, where a candidate has sought to invoke the provisions of article 52 (6) of the republican constitution, the law requires the cancellation of elections and this calls for fresh nominations for eligible candidates. Libanda in his letter dated 10 January 2022 invoked the provisions of article 52 (6) of the constitution of Zambia.

 

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The Electoral Commission of Zambia - ECZ

Agribusiness

The Poultry Association of Zambia – PAZ has revealed that the cumulative number of day old chicks that the hatcheries have drowned because of the reduced demand for the birds on the market is now 1.1 million.

Drowning of chicks in the poultry industry means killing the chicks, by drowning or gassing them to avoid spending on feed and running out of space. The process is also applied to chicks with deformities and those deemed unfit for rearing.

PAZ  Executive Director Dominic Chanda said the hatcheries cannot reduce production, as there is no guarantee that the demand will remain low therefore if demand goes up while production has gone down, there would be a shortage chicks on the market.

Speaking in an interview with the Zambian Business Times – ZBT, Chanda said from the total number of day old chicks produced by the hatcheries, only 30% is guaranteed to be sold because commercial and large-scale businesses give hatcheries a plan for the whole year.

He said 70% of what is produced is meant for customers who simply walk in to buy the chicks without long-term prior arrangements, which is a challenge especially in instances where the demand is low.

“How do you reduce production when you don’t know the demand, the whole problem is this, out of everything that is produced by the hatcheries, only 30% is guaranteed to be sold because commercial and large scale poultry farmers give them the plan for the whole year”, he said.

The Poultry Association has appealed to government to consider allowing the export of day old chicks to the region in order to address the issue of hatcheries drowning day old chicks due to reduced local demand on the market.

 

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The Poultry Association of Zambia - PAZ

Agribusiness

The Millers Association of Zambia – MAZ has denied assertions by some industry players that the continued issuance of export permits for maize and mealie meal by the Agro Ministry is behind the market price hikes of mealie meal in Zambia.

Analyst say the recent hike in fuel prices by 20 to 30% has also contributed to the hike as both millers and traders are facing elevated costs of transport and distribution.

MAZ instead pointed out that the increase in prices of mealie meal on the market is because of the upward adjustment of maize prices on the open market. MAZ President Andrew Chintala said the traders increased the price of maize in November 2021 without giving a reason therefore they should be the ones to justify that decision.

Speaking in an interview with the Zambian Business Times – ZBT, Chintala said the export of maize has nothing to do with the increase in prices of mealie meal as exports have been going on since May 2021 and the market was not disturbed until the month end of November 2021 when prices of maize started going up adding that traders canceled existing contracts for new ones as they wanted to increase the price of maize.

He noted that the demand for maize is low and the demand for mealie meal is not as huge as people thought it would be as traders are struggling to sell mealie meal in Congo DR as well as on the local market.

“So if we compare the prices on the local market and export market, the margins are very minimal, one would even wonder to say why are the millers exporting, the reason why we are exporting is to try and get the volumes, so when you look at the price differential, it’s not significant and we are trying to push the prices low on the local market so that we can try and maximize on the exports but it’s not happening so it has nothing to do with exports”he said.

Chintala also mentioned that the increase in fuel prices has also affected the maize price as transportation costs of moving maize may have gone up adding that there are a number of factors that have affected the increase in maize prices and fuel is just one of the components that goes in the costing structure but is not significant.

“We had contracts where we were getting maize at K2,700 then the trader just says we cannot continue selling at K2,700, the price is now K3,500 until it got to K3,800 per tonne which is about K190 per 50Kg bag and the month before that we were paying K135 so from K135,the price moved to K190 which is a huge increase”he said.

He explained that the increase is minimal in terms of margin but on the open market, traders and marketeers have taken advantage of the inflated prices circulating on social media but prices obtaining in most large supermarkets are ranging between K125-K136.

The MAZ President has appealed to consumers to buy mealie meal from designated selling places of milling companies in order to avoid being exploited by traders who want to take advantage of the situation and create distortion. He noted that the issue is receiving active attention from all the stakeholders.

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The Millers Association of Zambia - MAZ

Agribusiness

The price of cooking oil in Zambia have started going up initially by about 20 to 25% following the end of the tax waiver that had been put in place were edible oil sourced from outside Zambia had import taxes and Value Added Tax – VAT suspended upto 31 December 2021.

This initial 25% price surge is largely on account of VAT at 16% that is being applied as well as cost of transport which has shot up following increase in fuel pump prices by over 20%.

There is also an added risk that cooking oil and other edible oil prices may go up by a further 25% as government clarifies if the excise duty waiver has also dropped off at end of December 2021. If the waiver drops off, the price of cooking oil will go up by a further 25%, with the cummulative increase adding up to over 40%.

A check by the Zambian Business Times – ZBT revealed that Finance Minister Dr. Situmbeko Musokotwane has included the suspension of excise duty on edible oils in the same 2022 statutory instrument – SI which was issued under  suspension of excise duty on fuel. This however is not clear as no details were given but just a single sentence.

And edible oil industry contacts have told ZBT that there is need for clarity by Dr. Musokotwane as finance minister to confirm if the six months extended suspension of excise duty on fuel and the line reference to edible oils in the SI for fuel suffices. The minister needs to urgently clarify if the excise duty on edible oils has also been suspended for the next six months.

When contacted to share an industry perspective on the way forward, Crushers and Edible Oil Refiners Association – CEDORA Director Aubrey Chibumba told the Zambian Business Times – ZBT that prices of locally manufactured cooking oil are likely to go up by about 20% to 25%.

“If my cooking oil costs $100, am supposed to pay $25 dollars as (25%) duty, then VAT of 16%, this means that landed cost of cooking oil will go up between 16% plus 25% which adds up to 41%. For those that are importing packed refined cooking oil,  prices would go up by that 41% but for locally manufactured cooking and edible oil, it would only go up probably around 20%-25%”, he said.

Chibumba told ZBT that there was an initial extension of the SI that temporarily suspended import duty on edible oils when it expired at end of October last year to 31 December 2021. The CEDORA Director has disclosed that prices of cooking oil are likely to go up by between 16% to 41% if the temporal suspension on import duty is not extended.

Government has in October 2021 temporarily suspended import duty on edible oils, which is 25% of the value of imported edible oils. The SI exempted edible oil importers from paying customs duty as well as Value Added Tax (VAT), which stands at 16%. This SI has since expired effective 31 December 2021.

CEDORA has indicated that this SI which expired on 31 December 2021 if not extended, will lead to cooking oil prices increases and final consumers would have to bear the cost.

The Zambian public is currently experiencing cost of commodities escalation in prices following the increase in prices of fuel, a key cost component in the manufacturing as well as transport sector and distribution sector. There is also pressure for wage increments that companies and local enterprises are facing as employees try to uphold and retain their spending power.

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The price of cooking oil in Zambia

Markets

The Zambian Government has continued with the policy of waiving tax on imported fuel and foregoing millions in tax revenues into the 2022 budget cycle, a policy that was initially implemented last year.

Government had last year 2021 resorted to waiving both excise and customs duty in what was largely seen as an attempt to avoid a fuel price hike as the country was heading for polls in August 2021. The price hike was indeed averted but the lost revenues are now set to continue to at least mid 2022.

However, the Zambian government seems to have continued with the policy of waiving these taxes and have simply extended the suspension of customs and excise duty on the importation of petroleum products, which include petrol, diesel, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas effective 16 January 2022 for another six (6) months.

According to information seen by the Zambian Business Times – ZBT, Finance Minister Dr. Situmbeko Musokotwane has authorized for the customs duty for petrol, diesel, kerosene and liquefied petroleum imported into Zambia to remain suspended until 30 June 2022.

In line with the Statutory Instrument (SI) No.3 of 2022, effective customs duty rate for petrol, diesel, kerosene and liquefied petroleum gas has been zero rates or simply removed. The total quantities of the petroleum products suspended include 734,860 m3 for diesel, 329, 420 m3 for petrol, 5,000 m3 for kerosene and 5, 000kg for liquefied petroleum gas.

Fuel prices were recently increased which has resulted in further increases in bus and taxi fares. The recent fuel price increase has generally led to increase in prices for fuel dependent products, increased cost of productions as well as dampening of demand for less essential goods due to reduced consumer spending power.

The current Government leaders as well as prior successive governments has been challenged by various energy experts to actualize the procurement of oil from neighboring Angola through a pipeline to realistically cut out middlemen and the huge logistical/shipping cost to realize true value from this sector.

Moreover, a medium to long term drive to adopt bio-fuel as a key fuel blend which would cut down on huge fossil fuel imports and dollar outflows as these bio-crops have been proved that they can be grown locally. Biofuel is seen as a more strategic and economically beneficial approach which would also benefit and expand the local Agro sector.

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The Zambian Government has continued with the

Agribusiness

The prices of day old chicks which is a key determinant in the final prices of poultry meat products has dropped by about 30%. According to a targeted survey at top national chick producers conducted by the Zambian Business Times – ZBT, the price drop is ranging from about 20 to about 30%.

A ZBT survey has revealed that the price of day old chicks has gone down due to a steep reduction in demand on the local market as well as continued suspension of the issuance of export permits for the birds.

The drop in demand has also been attributed to reduced wallet share or spending power from increased fuel prices, as wages and earnings remain relatively flat. The increased spend on fuel and increased transport fares has contributed to dampening demand.

One of the large scale suppliers of day old chicks, Zamhatch – a Zambeef subsidiary is currently running a sales promotion, which has seen the price of day old chicks slushed by 27% from K16.5 to K12 per bird.  Another notable reduction has been posted by Quantum Foods who have slushed the price of day old chicks and is currently selling a bird at K14.5 from the previous K16.

Another notable breeder – Ross Breeders also cut the price. And a deeper check by ZBT has revealed that a number of breeders have opted to launch sales promotions as opposed to outright dropping of prices to remain competitive.

Francis Mwila, a sales coordinator at Ross Breeders has told ZBT that the company is currently running a sales promotion and is selling the day old chicks at K14, which is a reduction of K2 from the previous K16.

When asked what had induced the price cuts and sales promotions which are now almost industry wide, Mwila explained that the reduced prices can be attributed to the reduced demand for day old chicks on the market which is expected after the festive season.

Mwila said the reduction in demand is affecting the business because production has gone down and the hatcheries have to reduce on their capacities to avoid over-production.

He further explained that the demand for day old chicks reduces during the rainy season because some farmers focus on crop farming and other rain dependent farming activities, adding that the demand is usually very high during the Christmas and new year period. Moreover, most of the farmers tend to focus on rearing chickens for the purpose of selling them during the festive season.

“People keep a lot of chickens because of Christmas and new year, so all those who were keeping for festive fall out. We have a number of farmers that will come in to raise broilers because they are targeting the festive period and after that they drop out”, he said.

It however remains to be seen if the final prices of poultry products will also drop as these cost savings are ideally expected to be passed on to final consumers. The reduced cost of production however risks not being passed on as producers and poultry farmers adjust their energy and transport costs.

 

 

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The prices of day old chicks which

Companies

Investrust Bank Zambia has been dragged to court by its ex-Branch Manager for unlawful dismissal. The ex-branch Manager has stated that her employment termination was wrongful,unfair and unlawful amounted to constructive dismissal

Details of the matter are that on or about 20 October 1993, Dorothy Chibwe was employed by Investrust Bank to serve as a bank clerk and during her course of employment, she rose through the ranks up to the position of Branch Manager, a position she held from 2014 to 14 February 2021.

According to information seen by the Zambian Business Times-ZBT, by way of an internal memo dated 8th October 2020, the bank informed its staff that it had concluded its alleged organization restructuring programme which was to be implemented from October 2020 to 31st December 2020.

By a letter dated 16th October 2020, Chibwe was informed that her role and position of branch manager, at the Soweto Market Branch had been restructured and that was to be effected on 1st January 2021.

Accordingly, Chibwe was advised to apply for vacant positions in the bank that were to be circulated and that she would be informed in due course of the bank’s decision.

Sometime in December 2020,Investrust Bank placed an online job advertisement which was later followed up by a similar advert in the Zambia Daily Mail edition of 20 January 2021.T his was after she had been informed that her role and position of branch manager had been declared redundant.

On or about 19 February 2021, Chibwe received a notice of redundancy dated 14 January 2021 by which she was notified of her last day of work being 14 February 2021. This notice apparently referred to a letter to Chibwe dated 20 October 2020 which stated that Chibwe would automatically transition to redundancy upon failing to secure an alternative position in the bank.

“To the contrary, the plaintiff avers that she never received the letter dated 20th October 2020, a fact well known to the defendant”.

“Notwithstanding the defendant’s communication that the plaintiff’s role and the position of Branch Manager had been declared redundant the plaintiff will aver that she in fact handed over to the defendant’s employee who took over as branch manager of the defendant’s Soweto Market Branch.This is the same position the plaintiff occupied before the purported redundancy herein”

According to the plaintiff, the bank’s actions and omissions herein breach the redundancy provisions of the Employment Code Act of 2019 and Chibwe will further demonstrate that Investrust Bank’s actions and omissions herein breach the mandatory provisions of the bank’s conditions of service for non-unionised employees which guide on what ought to happen when there is a valid redundancy.

The bank’s actions and omissions herein amount to discrimination as Chibwe’s ‘similarly circumstanced’ colleagues in the positions of Branch Manager have remained in the service of the bank.Chibwe reiterates that she handed over to the bank’s employee who took over her role and position as Branch Manager.

The bank’s actions and omissions herein in addition to being wrongful,unfair and unlawful amount also to constructive dismissal of Chibwe.

“The plaintiff will rely on the Constitution of Zambia and the Employment Code Act, among other laws,in support of the averments herein. Consequent to foregoing events, the plaintiff avers that she has suffered ridicule, odium, contempt and defamation or embarrassment generally from right thinking members of the public”

Particulars of defamation/embarrassment include people believing that the plaintiff is incompetent and she misconducted herself.

The plaintiff shall further aver that she is unable to secure employment consequent to the purported redundancy and despite being a limited liability company the bank is a parastatal or public entity and thus ought to act with fairness at all times and all efforts to amicably resolve this matter have failed.

The plaintiff is now claiming an order of reinstatement in the position of Branch Manager or its equivalent following the purported redundancy of the plaintiff’s role and the position of Branch Manager  vide letter of 14th January 2021.

Chibwe is also claiming, in the alternative order, orders for damages for unfair dismissal or termination, unlawful dismissal or termination and wrongful dismissal or termination.

She is also claiming for damages for constructive dismissal, punitive and exemplary damage for the bank’s blatant disregard of the provisions of the constitution of Zambia (as amended by Act No.2) of 2016 and the employment Code Act of 2019,damages for defamation or embarrassment, further relief (s) apparent from the pleadings and facts/evidence of this matter,interest on the said damages and costs.

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Investrust Bank Zambia has been dragged to